References 

Breast Cancer:

Borgstein PJ, Meijer S, Pijpers RJ, van Diest PJ: Functional Lymphatic Anatomy for Sentinel Node Biopsy in Breast Cancer. Annals of Surgery, 2000, 232(1):81-89.

Carlo JT, Grant MD, Knox SM, Jones RC, Hamilton CS, Livingston SA, Kuhn JA: Survival analysis following sentinel lymph node biopsy: a validation trial demonstrating its accuracy in staging early breast cancer. BUMC Proceedings, 2005, 18:103-107.

Cody HS, Fey J, Akhurst T, Fazzari M, Mazumdar M, Yeung H, Yeh SDJ, Borgen PI: Complementarity of Blue Dye and Isotope in Sentinel Node Localization for Breast Cancer: Univariate and Multivariate Analysis of 966 Procedures. Annals of Surgical Oncology, 2001, 8(1):13-19.

Cody,III HS: Clinical aspects of sentinel node biopsy. Breast Cancer Research, 2001, 3:104-108.

Ganaraj A, Kuhn JA, Jones RC, Grant MD, Andrews VR, Knox SM, Netto GJ, Altrabulsi B, Livingston SA, McCarty TM: Predictors for nonsentinel node involvement in breast cancer patients with micrometastases in the sentinel lymph node. BUM Proceedings, 2003, 16:3-6.

Hill ADK, Tran KN, Akhurst T, Yeung H, Yeh SDJ, Rosen PP, Borgen PI, Cody,III HS: Lessons Learned from 500 Cases of Lymphatic Mapping for Breast Cancer. Annals of Surgery, 1999, 229(4):528-535.

Jeruss JS, Winchester DJ, Sener SF, Brinkmann EM, Bilimoria MM, Berrera, Jr. E, Alwawi E, Nickolov A, Schermerhorn GM, Winchester DJ: Axillary Recurrence After Sentinel Node Biopsy. Annals of Surgical Oncology, 2005, 12(1):34-40.

King TA, Fey JV, Van Zee KJ, Heerdt AS, Gemignani ML, Port ER, Sclafani L, Sacchini V, Petrek JA, Cody,III HS, Borgen PI, Montgomery LL: A Prospective Analysis of the Effect of Blue-Dye Volume on Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping Success and Incidence of Allergic Reaction in Patients with Breast Cancer. Annals of Surgical Oncology, 2004, 11(5):535-541.

Knox, SM, Ley, CA: Comparison of intraparenchymal and intradermal injection for identification of the sentinel node in patients with breast cancer. BUMC Proceedings, 2002, 15:366-368.

Krag D: Current Status of Sentinel Lymph Node Surgery for Breast Cancer. J Nat Canc Inst, 1999, 91(4): 302-303.

Krag D, Weaver D, Ashikaga T, Moffat F, Klimberg VS, Shriver C, Feldman S, Kusminsky R, Gadd M, Kuhn J, Harlow S, Beitsch P: The sentinel node in breast cancer: A multicenter validation study. New England J of Med, 1998, 339(14): 941-946.

Krag DN, Harlow SP, Weaver DL, Ashikaga T: Technique of Selected Resection of Radiolabeled Lymph Nodes in Breast Cancer Patients. Seminars in Breast Disease, 1998, 1(2):111-116.

Krag DN, Harlow S, Weaver D., Ashikaga T: Radiolabeled Sentinel Node Biopsy: Collaborative Trial with the National Cancer Institute. World J Surg, 2001, 25:823-828.

Lauridsen MC, Garne JP, Sorensen FB, Melsen F, Lernevall A, Christiansen P: Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Breast Cancer. Acta Oncologica, 2004, 43(1):20-26.

Liberman L, Cody,III HS, Hill ADK, Rosen PP, Yeh SDJ, Akhurst T, Morris EA, Abramson AF, Borgen PI, Dershaw DD: Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy after Percutaneous Diagnosis of Nonpalpable Breast Cancer. Radiology, 1999, 211:835-844.

Liberman L, Cody,III HS: Percutaneous Biopsy and Sentinel Lymphadenectomy: Minimally Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment of Nonpalpable Breast Cancer. Am J Roentgenology, 2001, 117 (10):887-891.

Linehan DC, Hill ADK, Akhurst T, Yeung H, Yeh SDJ, Tran KN, Borgen PI, Cody,III HS: Intradermal Radiocolloid and Intraparenchymal Blue Dye Injection Optimize Sentinel Node Identification in Breast Cancer Patients. Annals of Surg Oncol, 1999, 6(5):450-454.

Lyman GH, Giuliano AE, Somerfield MR, Benson,III AB, Bodurka DC, Burstein HJ, Cochran AJ, Cody,III HS, Edge SB, Galper S, Hayman JA, Kim TY, Perkins CL, Podoloff DA, Sivasubramaniam VH, Turner RR, Wahl R, Weaver DL, Wolff AC, Winer EP: American Society of Clinical Oncology Guideline Recommendations for Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Early-Stage Breast Cancer. J Clinical Oncology, 2005, 23(30):7703-7720.

Mamounas EP, Brown A, Anderson S, Smith R, Julian T, Miller B, Bear HD, Caldwell CB, Walker AP, Mikkelson WM, Stauffer JS, Robidoux A, Theoret H, Sovan A, Fisher B, Wickerham DL, Wolmark N: Sentinel Node Biopsy After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer: Results from National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Protocol B-27. J Clinical Oncology, 2005, 23(12):2694-2702.

Mansel RE, Fallowfield L, Kissin M, Goyal A, Newcombe RG, Dixon JM, Yiangou C, Horgan K, Bundred N, Monypenny I, England D, Sibbering M, Abdullah TI, Barr L, Chetty U, Sinnett DH, Fleissig A, Clarke D., Ell PJ: Randomized Multicenter Trial of Sentinel Node Biopsy Versus Standard Axillary Treatment in Operable Breast Cancer: The ALMANAC Trial. J Nat Canc Inst, 2006, 98(9):599-609.

Mariani G, Moresco L, Viale G, Villa G, Bagnasco M, Canavese G, Buscome J, Strauss HW, Paganelli G: Radioguided Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Breast Cancer Surgery. J Nuc Med, 2001, 42:1198-1215.

Moffat FL, Gulec S, Sittler SY, Serafini AN, Sfakianakis GN, Boggs JE, Franceschi D, Pruett CS, Pop R, Gurkok C, Livingstone AS, Krag DN: Unfiltered Sulfur Colloid and Sentinel Node Biopsy for Breast Cancer: Technical and Kinetic Considerations. Annals of Surg Oncol, 1999, 6(8):746-755.

Naik AM, Fey J, Gemignani M, Heerdt A, Montcomery L, Petrek J, Port E, Sacchini V, Scalafini L, VanZee K, Wagman R, Borgen PI, Cody,III HS: The Risk of Axillary Relapse after Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy for Breast Cancer is Comparable With That of Axillary Lymph Node Dissection: A Follow-up Study of 4008 Procedures. Ann Surg, 2004, 240:462-471.

Pater J and Parulekar W: Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Early Breast Cancer: Has Its Time Come? J Nat Canc Inst, 2006, 98(9):568-569.

Quan ML, McCready D, Temple WJ, McKinnon JG: Biology of Lymphatic Metastases in Breast Cancer: Lessons Learned from Sentinel Node Biopsy. Annals of Surgical Oncology, 2002, 9(5):467-471.

Swenson KK, Nissen MJ, Ceronsky C, Swenson L, Lee MW, Tuttle TM: Comparison of Side Effects Between Sentinel Lymph Node and Axillary Lymph Node Dissection for Breast Cancer. Annals of Surg Oncol, 2002, 9(8):745-753.

Trifiro G, Viale G, Gentilini O, Travaini LL, Paganelli G: Sentinel node detection in pre-operative axillary staging. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging, 2004, 31(1):S46-S55.

Veronesi U, Paganelli G, Galimberti V, Viale G, Zurrida S, Bedoni M, Costa A, de Ciddo C, Geraghty JG, Luini A, Sacchini V, Veronesi P: Sentinel-node biopsy to avoid axillary dissection in breast cancer with clinically negative lymph nodes. The Lancet, 1997, 349:1864-1867.

Veronesi U, Paganelli G, Viale G, Luini A, Zurrida S, Galimberti V, Intra M, Veronesi P, Robertson C, Maisonneuve P, Renne G, De Cicco C, De Lucia F, Gennari R: A Randomized Comparison of Sentinel-Node Biopsy with Routine Axillary Dissection in Breast Cancer. N England J Med, 2003, 349:546-553.

Melanoma:

Blaheta HJ, Ellwanger U, Schittek B, Sotlar K, Maczey E, Breuninger H, Thelen MH, Bueltmann B, Rassner G, Garbe C: Examination of Regional Lymph Nodes by Sentinel Node Biopsy and Molecular Analysis Provides New Staging Facilities in Primary Cutaneous Melanoma. J of Investigative Dermatology, 2000, 114:637-642.

Carlson GW, Murray DR, Greenlee R, Alazraki N, Fry-Spray C, Poole R, Blais M, Hestley A, Vansant J: Management of Malignant Melanoma of the Head and Neck Using Dynamic Lymphoscinitigraphy and Gamma Probe-Guided Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2000, 126:433-437.

Evans HL, Krag DN, Teates CD, Patterson JW, Meijer S, Harlow SP, Tanabe KK, Loggie BW, Whitworth PW, Kusminsky RE, Carp NZ, Gadd MA, Slingluff,Jr CL: Lymphoscintigraphy and Sentinel Node Biopsy Accurately Stage Melanoma in Patients Presenting After Wide Local Excision. Annals of Surg Oncol, 2003, 10(4):416-425.

Gietema HA, Vuylsteke RJCLM, deJonge IA, van Leeuwen PAM, Molenkamp BG, van der Sijp JRM, van Diest PJ: Sentinel lymph node investigation in melanoma: detailed analysis of the yield from step sectioning and immunohistochemistry. J Clinical Pathology, 2004, 57:618-620.

Harlow SP, Krag DN, Ashikaga T, Weaver DL, Meijer SJ, Loggie BW, Tanabe KK, Whitworth,Jr P, Kuhn J, Kusminsky R, Carp NZ, Gadd M, Rawlings,Jr M Slingluff,Jr CL: Gamma probe guided biopsy of the sentinel node in malignant melanoma: a multicentre study. Melanoma Research, 2001, 11:45-55.

Mariani G, Gipponi M, Moresco L, Villa G, Bartolomei M, Mazzarol G, Bagnara MC, Romanini A, Cafiero F, Paganelli G, Strauss HW: Radioguided Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Malignant Cutaneous Melanoma. J Nuc Med, 2002, 43:811-827.

Medina-Franco H, Beenken SW, Heslin MJ, Urist MM: Sentinel Node Biopsy for Cutaneous Melanoma in the Head and Neck. Annals of Surg Oncol, 2001, 8(9):716-719.

Morton DL, Thompson JF, Cochran AJ, Mozzillo N, Elashoff R, Essner R, Nieweg OE, Roses DF, Hoekstra HJ, Karakousis CP, Reintgen DS, Coventry BJ, Glass EC, Wang H-J, for the MSLT Group: Sentinel-Node Biopsy or Nodal Observation in Melanoma. The New England Journal of Medicine, 2006, 355(13):1307-1317.

Pfutzner W, Kunte C, Weiss M, Flaig MI, Konz B: Intraoperative labeling of sentinel lymph nodes with a combination of vital blue dye and radionuclide tracer - results in sentinel node-positive patients. JDDG, 2006, 4:229-235.

Pijpers R, Collet GJ, Meijer S, Hoekstra O: The impact of dynamic lymphoscintigraphy and gamma probe guidance on sentinel node biopsy in melanoma. Eur J Nucl Med, 1995, 22:1238-1241.

Ranieri JM, Wagner JD, Azuaje R, Davidson D, Wenck S, Fyffe J, Coleman,III JJ: Prognostic Importance of Lymph Node Tumor Burden in Melanoma Patients Staged by Sentinel Node Biopsy. Annals of Surg Oncol, 2002, 9(10):975-981.

Rettenbacher L, Koller J, Kassman H, Holzmannhofer J, Rettenbacher T, Galvan G: Reproducability of Lymphoscintigraphy in Cutaneous Melanoma: Can We Accurately Detect the Sentinel Lymph Node by Expanding the Tracer Injection Distance from the Tumor Site? J Nuc Med, 2001, 42(3):424-429.

Tremblay F, Loutfi A, Shibata H, Meterissian S: Sentinel lymph-node biopsy for melanoma of the trunk and extremities: the McGill experience. Canadian J Surg, 2001, Canadian Medical Association.

Wagner JD, Davidson D, Coleman,III JJ, Hutching G, Schauwecker D, Park H-M, Havlik RJ: Lymph Node Tumor Volumes in Paatients Undergoing Sentinenl Lymph Node Biopsy for Cutaneous Melanoma. Annals of Surg Oncol, 1999, 6(4):398-404.

Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2000, 126:313-321.

Sentinel Node Biopsy, General:

Clarke D, Newcombe RG, Mansel RE: The learning curve in sentinel node biopsy: the ALMANAC experience. Annals of Surgical Oncology, 2004, 11(3):211S-215S.

Kotz, D: Cancer staging technique holds promise. J Nuc Med, 1997, 38(6):15N-16N, 20N.

Krag DN: Minimal access surgery for staging regional lymph nodes: The sentinel-node concept. Current Problems in Surgery, 1998, 35(11): 951-1018.

Maza S, Taupitz M, Taymoorian K, Winzer KJ, Rückert J, Paschen C, Räber G, Schneider S, Trefzer U, Munz D: Multimodal fusion imaging ensemble for targeted sentinel lymph node management: initial results of an innovative promising approach for anatomically difficult lymphatic drainage in different tumour entities. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging, 2007, 34:378-383.

Wilhelm AJ, Mijnhout SG, Franssen EJF: Radiopharmaceuticals in Sentinel Lymph-node Detection - an Overview. Eur J Nucl Med, 1999, 26(Suppl):S36-S42.

Parathyroid Adenoma:

Gulec SA, Ugur O: The Intellectual and Scientific Basis of Parathyroid Surgery. Turk J Med Sci, 2003, 34:81-84.

Mariani G, Gulec S, Rubello D, Boni G, Puccini M, Pelizzo MR, Manca G, Casara D, Sotti G, Erba P, Volterrani D, Guiliano AE: Preoperative Localization and Radioguided Parathyroid Surgery. J Nuc Med, 2003, 44:1443-1458.

Rubello D, Pelizzo MR, Boni G, Schiavo R, Vaggelli L, Villa G, Sandrucci S, Piotto A, Manca G, Marini P, Mariani G: Radioguided Surgery of Primary Hyperparathyroidism Using the Low-Dose Tc99-Sestamibi Protocol: Multiinstitutional Experience from the Italian Study Group on Radioguided Surgery and Immunoscintigraphy (GISCRIS). J Nuc Med, 2005, 46:220-226.

Rubello D, Gross MK, Mariani G, Al-Nahhas A: Scintigraphic techniques in primary hyperparathyroidism: from pre-operative localization to intra-operative imaging. Eur J Nucl Med, 2007, 34:926-933.

Sidiropoulos N, Vento J, Malchoff C, Whalen G: Radioguided Tumorectomy in the Management of Parathyroid Adenomas. Archives of Surgery, 2003, 138:716-720.

OmniProbe® PET:

Gulec SA, Hoenie E, Hostetter R, Schwartzentruber D: PET probe-guided surgery: applications and clinical protocol. World J of Surgical Oncology, 2007, 1-7 (page number not for citation purposes).

OmniProbe® EL:

Daniel TM, Altes TA, Rehm PK, Williams MB, Jones DR, Stolin AV and Gay SB: A Novel Technique for Localization and Excisional Biopsy of Small or Ill-Defined Pulmonary Lesions. The Society of Thoracic Surgeons, 2004, 77:1756-62.

Daniel, Thomas M: A Proposed Diagnostic Approach to the Patient with the Subcentimeter Pulmonary Nodule: Techniques that Facilitate Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery Excision. Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 2005, 17:115-122.

Gamma Probe Comparisons and Evaluations:

Hoffman EJ, Tornai MP, Janecke M, Patt BE, Iwanczyk JS: Intraoperative probes and imaging probes. Eur J Nucl Med, 1999, 26:913-935.

Perkins AC and Britten A J: Specification and performance of intra-operative gamma probes for sentinel node detection. Nuclear Medicine Comm, 1999, 309-315.

Kwo DP, Barber HB, Barrett HH, Hickernell TS: Comparison of NaI(TI), CdTe, and Hgl2 surgical probes: Effect of scatter compensation on probe performance. Am Assoc Phys Med, 1991, 18(3):382-389.

Mariani G, Vaiano A, Nibale O, Rubello D: Is the "Ideal" gamma probe for intraoperative radioguided surgery conceivable? J Nuc Med, 2005, 46:388-390.

Schneebaum S, Even-Sapir E, Cohen M, Shacham-Lehrman H, Gat A, Brazovsky E, Livshitz G, Stadler J, Skornick Y: Clinical applications of gamma-detection probes - radioguided surgery. Eur J Nucl Med, 1999, 26S:S26-S35.

Wengenmair H, Kopp J: Gamma probes for Sentinel Lymph Node Localization: Quality criteria, minimal requirements and quality of commercially available systems. 2005.

Zanzonico P, Heller S: The Intraoperative Gamma Probe: Basic Principles and Choices Available. Seminars in Nuclear Medicine, 2000, 30(1):33-48.